The Spanish Society of Clinical, Family and Community Pharmacy position statement on telepharmacy: telepharmaceutical care (TPC)

The new information and communication technologies (ICT) have been evolving for many years, but the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the digital transformation of society. In the healthcare field, new activities have emerged and terms such as telemedicine, telecare and teleconsultation are becoming common. They are undoubtedly a step forward, but they risk dehumanizing the contact between healthcare providers and patients. In the pharmacy-field, Telepharmacy has emerged with undeniable logistical and commercial connotations. The preferred term of the Spanish Society of Clinical, Family and Community Pharmacy is Telepharmaceutical care (TPC) which defines it as the practice of Pharmaceutical Care using ICT in order to complement the face-to face required by the patient. TPC includes the remote provision of some community pharmacy services (CPS). TPC should help the community pharmacist to provide CPS, thus improving clinical pharmaceutical practice without the dehumanizing effects that the indiscriminate application of ICT can have.

Should We Ban Single-Use Plastics? A Role-Playing Game to Argue and Make Decisions in a Grade-8 School Chemistry Class

The social dimension of chemistry is relevant and present in numerous socio-scientific issues, for example, the use of plastics. These issues can be covered at school by implementing strategies such as role-playing, which allow different perspectives to be understood, thereby helping to promote changes in attitude. This paper presents a pilot-study about the design and results obtained in the role-playing game "Should we ban single-use plastics?", which covers the problem of plastics in a secondary school chemistry class by way of argumentation and decision making. Role-playing allows students to represent the viewpoints of different important actors in this area both in favor of a ban on their use (fisherman, environmental scientist, teenager, biodegradable material manufacturer) and against (manufacturer of disposable surgical products, teenager, worker in a plastic cutlery factory, director of an oil company). This role-playing was implemented virtually for a class of grade-8 school students (secondary schoolers in Spain). The main findings include the promotion of learning about the chemical aspects of plastics and the change in attitude of some students regarding this issue after preparing and using arguments and counterarguments based on scientific evidence in a debate. Role-playing is well received by students and helps them to experience positive emotions. Students were found to be very critical of the issue addressed, and the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to affect their decisions. © 2021 American Chemical Society and Division of Chemical Education, Inc.

Knowledge graphs to manage epidemiological information about covid-19

Control of the spread of infectious diseases requires exhaustive epidemiological research, as has been validated by the performance of the Ministry of Public Health during several decades of combat against numerous diseases, such as dengue, cholera and various types of influenza, among others. However, the COVID-19 pandemic is testing the limits of the most rigorous epidemiological protocols in Cuba and worldwide, due to its high transmissibility and fast spread. In this context, the present study had the purpose of using knowledge graphs to support epidemiological research about COVID-19, with greater emphasis on exposure factors and contact tracing. To achieve this end, a study was conducted about the state of the art of knowledge graphs and their use in the health care sector, particularly in the combat against the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The research applied a methodological approach based on the development and use of knowledge graphs adjusted to the study field. Results are simulated in the context of the outbreak occurring in mid July 2020 in the municipality of Bauta, Artemisa province, using real data obtained from the Internet and combined with other simulated data. © 2021, Centro Nacional de Informacion de Ciencias Medicas. All rights reserved.

The role of the local host community’s involvement in the development of tourism: A case study of the residents’ perceptions toward tourism on the route of Santiago de compostela (Spain)

As an economic, social, and cultural activity, tourism shapes the relationship between visitors and local communities in tourist destinations. While tourism generates economic growth and employment opportunities for residents, its benefits come with a social cost. This article high-lights the results of an online survey that was carried out at the beginning of 2021 in the seven major Galician cities along the Route of Santiago de Compostela (the Way of St. James) in Spain, which is a historical, natural, and cultural tourist attraction that is inscribed in the UNESCO’s World Heritage List in the category of cultural assets. The goal of the research work was to get to know first-hand the opinion of local communities about the positive and negative effects of tourism in their cities, on the Route of Santiago, and in the region of Galicia as a whole. Research work shows that residents’ perception of tourism leans toward the positive side, although it also reveals the need for tourism planners to involve host communities in tourism development. This research study about a World Heritage site should prove useful for political decision makers, tourism planners, and ex-perts, both in Galicia and elsewhere. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

THE USE OF CO-MARKETING STRATEGIES, COOPETITION AND DESTINATION MARKETING THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA INSTAGRAM IN PANDEMIC PERIOD

Objective of the study: With the emergence of the Covid-19 virus, preventive measures to control its progress have been taken worldwide, causing significant impacts on the tourism sector and forcing companies to replan their actions. In this article we sought to identify how the lodging facilities operating in the tourist destination of Jericoacoara have been conducting digital marketing during the pandemic, discovering if there are management strategies Co-Marketing and Coopetition. Methodology / approach: To this end, we used the methodology of work with immersion in the internet with a qualitative nature. Originality/Relevance: It is relevant in this moment of recovery to think about collective strategies between companies with possible realizations of partnerships for the dissemination of products and! or services, such as co-marketing and coopetition. Main results: It is understood as the first important decision making, the search for innovation in the use of Information and Communication Technologies to carry out digital marketing, to maintain the relationship with customers, knowing that physical contact is prohibited. It was found that the co-marketing and coopetition strategies are carried out, but on a very small scale, different from the destination marketing that is already used as an action by the establishments in Jijoca de Jericoacoara-Ceara. Theoretical/methodological contributions: Discussion and presentation of coopetition and co-marketing for studies in tourism in times when the market asks for quick and effective solutions in destinations sometimes affected by low tourist demand.